Antiviral alkaloids from Crinum jagus: Extraction, synergistic effects, and activity against dengue virus and human coronavirus OC43

Jayawardena, T. U., Merindol, N., Liyanage, N. S., Gélinas, S. E., Lionel, B., Seydou, K., Seck, M., Evidente, A. et Desgagné-Penix, I. (2025). Antiviral alkaloids from Crinum jagus: Extraction, synergistic effects, and activity against dengue virus and human coronavirus OC43. Heliyon, 11 (4). Article e42580. ISSN 2405-8440 DOI 10.1016/j.heliyon.2025.e42580

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Abstract

Crinum jagus, a medicinal plant from the Amaryllidaceae family, possesses potent antiviral properties attributed to alkaloids such as cherylline and lycorine. This study evaluated various extraction methods--including continuous shaking, hot solvent, microwave-assisted, ultrasound-assisted, and liquid-liquid extraction using methanol, followed by ethyl acetate and subsequent acid-base to optimize the yield of bioactive compounds. The extraction method significantly influenced phenolic acid and alkaloid precursor content, with liquid-liquid extraction yielding the highest amounts. LC-MS/MS analyses confirmed the presence of major alkaloids in the extracts, notably cherylline and lycorine. The cytotoxic and antiviral properties of C. jagus extracts were assessed using a reporter-encoding dengue virus (DENV) vector and the β-coronavirus HCoV-OC43. LLE_E (liquid-liquid extract extract), enriched in phenolic compounds, was the most cytotoxic extract at concentrations above 0.6 μg/mL. Acid-base fractions, enriched in alkaloids, exhibited higher cytotoxicity than the methanol extracts counterparts, with significant cell death at concentrations above 2.5 μg/mL Additionally, the acid-base and LLE_E extracts were also the most efficient in inhibiting the replication of both HCoV-OC43 and DENV, with EC50 values ranging from 1 to 2.5 μg/mL. The synergistic antiviral effect of cherylline with other C. jagus alkaloids was also evaluated, revealing that a combination of cherylline with gigantellinine strikingly reduced the flavivirus replication. These findings underscore the potential of C. jagus as a source of bioactive compounds with antiviral properties and highlight the importance of optimizing extraction methods to enhance specific applications.

Type de document:	Article
Mots-clés libres:	Amaryllidaceae alkaloids Antiviral agents Cherylline Cytotoxicity Extraction methods Flavivirus LC-MS/MS Synergism β-coronavirus
Date de dépôt:	22 avr. 2025 15:39
Dernière modification:	22 avr. 2025 15:39
Version du document déposé:	Version officielle de l'éditeur
URI:	https://depot-e.uqtr.ca/id/eprint/11892

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