More flexible brain activation underlies cognitive reserve in older adults

Ducharme-Laliberté, G., Mellah, S., Boller, B. et Belleville, S. (2022). More flexible brain activation underlies cognitive reserve in older adults. Neurobiology of Aging, 113 . pp. 63-72. ISSN 0197-4580 DOI 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2022.02.001

Prévisualisation

PDF Télécharger (1MB) | Prévisualisation

Résumé

Abstract

The goal of this study was to identify the brain mechanisms underlying cognitive reserve using a parametric n-back working memory (WM) task in a sample of healthy older adults. We first identified the WM-related activations associated with years of education and then tested whether these activations mitigated the detrimental impact of age on cognition. Thirty-nine older adults received a magnetic resonance imaging examination while completing an n-back task with different levels of WM load (0-, 1- vs. 2-back). Results show that more education is associated with lower activation of the left medial superior frontal gyrus (BA8) in the 1-back condition and a greater activation of the right caudate nucleus in the 2-back condition. The caudate and frontal activations are task-positive and task-negative regions, respectively. Moderation analyses indicate that the effect of age on performance is less detrimental in participants with higher caudate activation in the 2-back condition. Overall, these results suggest that cognitive reserve is explained by a superior ability to flexibly engage greater or novel activation as cognitive demand increases.

Type de document:	Article
Mots-clés libres:	Aging Cognitive reserve Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) Neural flexibility Working memory Aged Article Caudate nucleus Cognition Controlled study Education Educational status Female Frontal eye field Functional magnetic resonance imaging Human Human experiment Male n-back test Nuclear magnetic resonance imaging Superior frontal gyrus Brain Brain mapping Diagnostic imaging Physiology Procedures Short term memory Humans Magnetic Resonance Imaging Memory, Short-Term
Date de dépôt:	11 juill. 2023 12:54
Dernière modification:	11 juill. 2023 12:55
Version du document déposé:	Version officielle de l'éditeur
URI:	https://depot-e.uqtr.ca/id/eprint/10713

Actions (administrateurs uniquement)

Éditer la notice