Measuring student perceptions of empowering and disempowering motivational climates in physical education: Validation of a short questionnaire in French

Girard, S. . Measuring student perceptions of empowering and disempowering motivational climates in physical education: Validation of a short questionnaire in French. Journal of Teaching in Physical Education . ISSN 0273-5024 1543-2769

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Résumé

Abstract

Physical inactivity in youth is addressed through physical education (PE), where motivational climates impact student engagement. Unfortunately, existing questionnaires often fail to accurately measure motivational climate in PE. This article presents three studies that led to the development and validation of a short French version of motivational climate questionnaire in PE (SFMCQ-PE), tested with pupils from Quebec and France. Study 1 involved creating a pool of 57 items with a group of 8 experts and 10 cognitive interviews with pupils. In Study 2, factor analysis of 402 observations refined the questionnaire from 22 items to a final 12-item version, showing enhanced validity and reliability. Study 3 confirmed the 12-item version’s factor structure and assessed measurement invariance across gender and countries through 406 observations. The 12-item SFMCQ-PE produced strong psychometric properties for assessing motivational climates in PE and complements existing observational tools in PE, supporting research and professional development.

Type de document:	Article
Mots-clés libres:	Teaching Self-determination theory Achievement goal theory Scale development Factor analysis
Date de dépôt:	14 juill. 2026 11:55
Dernière modification:	14 juill. 2026 11:55
Version du document déposé:	Post-print (version corrigée et acceptée)
URI:	https://depot-e.uqtr.ca/id/eprint/13060

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